python监控文件或目录变化

本文实例实现的功能是监控一个文件或目录的变化，如果有变化，把文件上传备份至备份主机，并且要监控上传过程是否有问题等，具体内容如下

    #!/usr/bin/env python
    #coding=utf-8
    #
    #Status wd gs/ccs sql file changed
    #文件有变化上传至备份主机，上传之后验证文件是否正确
    #

    import paramiko,os,sys,datetime,time,MySQLdb
    from pyinotify import WatchManager, Notifier, ProcessEvent, IN_DELETE, IN_CREATE,IN_MODIFY
    '''
    CREATE TABLE `wddel_log.status_sql` (
     `ip` varchar(16) NOT NULL COMMENT '机器IP',
     `tar_name` varchar(50) NOT NULL COMMENT '备份文件名字',
     `md5` varchar(50) NOT NULL COMMENT '备份文件MD5',
     `flag` int(2) NOT NULL COMMENT '0:成功;1:失败',
     `error_log` varchar(100) NOT NULL COMMENT '错误日志',
     `uptime` datetime NOT NULL COMMENT '更新时间',
     KEY `ip` (`ip`),
     KEY `uptime` (`uptime`)
    ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8'''#日志表创建脚本
    GM_path='/home/asktao/'
    center_hostname='192.168.1.100'
    center_username='root'
    center_password='123456'
    center_port=63008
    def log2db(ip,tar_name,md5,flag,error='0'):#删除日志入库
      try:
        tar_name = os.path.split(tar_name)[1]
        now = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
        conn = MySQLdb.connect(host = '192.168.1.104',user = 'root',passwd = '1q2w3e4r',charset='utf8',connect_timeout=20)
        cursor = conn.cursor()
        sql = "SELECT ip FROM wddel_log.status_sql WHERE ip='%s'" % ip
        cursor.execute(sql)
        res = cursor.fetchall()
        if len(res)==0:
          inster_sql = "insert into wddel_log.status_sql VALUES('%s','%s','%s',%s,'%s','%s')" % (ip,tar_name,md5,flag,error,now)
          cursor.execute(inster_sql)
          conn.commit()
        else:
          update_sql = "UPDATE wddel_log.status_sql SET md5='%s',flag='%s',error_log='%s',uptime='%s' WHERE ip='%s'" % (md5,flag,error,now,ip)
          cursor.execute(update_sql)
          conn.commit()
        cursor.close()
        conn.close()
      except Exception,e:
        print e
    def find_ip():#获取本地eth0的IP地址
      ip = os.popen("/sbin/ip a|grep 'global eth0'").readlines()[0].split()[1].split("/")[0]
      if "192.168." in ip:
        ip = os.popen("/sbin/ip a|grep 'global eth1'").readlines()[0].split()[1].split("/")[0]
      return ip
    def md5sum(file_name):#验证sql打包文件的MD5
      if os.path.isfile(file_name):
        f = open(file_name,'rb')
        py_ver = sys.version[:3]
        if py_ver == "2.4":
          import md5 as hashlib
        else:
          import hashlib
          md5 = hashlib.md5(f.read()).hexdigest()
          f.close()
          return md5
      else:
        return 0
    def center_md5(file_name):#上传至备份中心的文件的MD5
      try:
        s=paramiko.SSHClient()
        s.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
        s.connect(hostname = center_hostname,port=center_port,username=center_username, password=center_password)
        conm = "/usr/bin/md5sum %s" % file_name
        stdin,stdout,stderr=s.exec_command(conm)
        result = stdout.readlines()[0].split()[0].strip()
        s.close()
        return result
      except Exception,e:
        return e
    def back_file(ip,tar_name,tar_md5):#上传文件到备份中心
      remote_dir='/data/sql'
      file_name=os.path.join(remote_dir,os.path.split(tar_name)[1])
      try:
        t=paramiko.Transport((center_hostname,center_port))
        t.connect(username=center_username,password=center_password)
        sftp=paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(t)
        sftp.put(tar_name,file_name)
        t.close()
        #print "%s back_file OK" % tar_name
        os.remove(tar_name)
        remot_md5=center_md5(file_name)
        if remot_md5 == tar_md5:
          log2db(ip,tar_name,tar_md5,0)
        else:
          log2db(ip,tar_name,tar_md5,1,'remot_md5!=tar_md5')
      except Exception,e:
        #print "connect error!"
        log2db(ip,tar_name,tar_md5,1,e)
        os.remove(tar_name)
    def back_sql():#执行备份
      ip = find_ip()
      tar_name = "/tmp/%s.tar.gz" % ip
      sql_conn = "/usr/bin/find %s -type f -name '*.sql'|/usr/bin/xargs /bin/tar zcvPf %s" % (GM_path,tar_name)
      sql_tar = os.popen(sql_conn).readlines()
      tar_md5 = md5sum(tar_name)
      if tar_md5 != 0:
        back_file(ip,tar_name,tar_md5)
      else:
        error_log = "%s not find" % tar_name
        log2db(ip,tar_name,tar_md5,0,error_log)
    class PFilePath(ProcessEvent):#文件变化的触发
      def process_IN_CREATE(self, event):
        if os.path.splitext(event.name)[1] == ".sql":
          text = "Create file: %s " % os.path.join(event.path, event.name)
          #print text
          back_sql()
      def process_IN_MODIFY(self, event):
        if os.path.splitext(event.name)[1] == ".sql":
          text = "Modify file: %s " % os.path.join(event.path, event.name)
          #print text
          back_sql()
    def FSMonitor():#主监控函数
      back_sql()#运行脚本先备份sql文件
      wm = WatchManager()
      mask = IN_CREATE |IN_MODIFY
      notifier = Notifier(wm, PFilePath())
      wdd = wm.add_watch(GM_path, mask, rec=True)
      print 'now starting monitor %s' % (GM_path)
      while True:
        try :
          notifier.process_events()
          if notifier.check_events():
            notifier.read_events()
        except KeyboardInterrupt:
          notifier.stop()
          break
    if __name__ == "__main__":
      FSMonitor()

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助。