web.py 十分钟创建简易博客实现代码

一、web.py简介
web.py是一款轻量级的Python web开发框架，简单、高效、学习成本低，特别适合作为python web开发的入门框架。官方站点：http://webpy.org/

二、web.py安装
1、下载：http://webpy.org/static/web.py-0.33.tar.gz
2、解压并进入web.py-0.33目录，安装：python setup.py install

三、创建简易博客
1、目录说明：主目录blog/，模板目录blog/templates
2、在数据库"test"中创建表"entries"

    CREATE TABLE entries ( 
     id INT AUTO_INCREMENT, 
     title TEXT, 
     content TEXT, 
     posted_on DATETIME, 
     primary key (id) 
    ); 

3、在主目录创建blog.py，blog/blog.py

    #载入框架
    import web
    #载入数据库操作model（稍后创建）
    import model
    #URL映射
    urls = (
      '/', 'Index',
      '/view/(/d+)', 'View',
      '/new', 'New',
      '/delete/(/d+)', 'Delete',
      '/edit/(/d+)', 'Edit',
      '/login', 'Login',
      '/logout', 'Logout',
      )
    app = web.application(urls, globals())
    #模板公共变量
    t_globals = {
     'datestr': web.datestr,
     'cookie': web.cookies,
    }
    #指定模板目录，并设定公共模板
    render = web.template.render('templates', base='base', globals=t_globals)
    #创建登录表单
    login = web.form.Form(
          web.form.Textbox('username'),
          web.form.Password('password'),
          web.form.Button('login')
          )
    #首页类
    class Index:
     def GET(self):
      login_form = login()
      posts = model.get_posts()
      return render.index(posts, login_form)
     def POST(self):
      login_form = login()
      if login_form.validates():
       if login_form.d.username == 'admin' /
        and login_form.d.password == 'admin':
        web.setcookie('username', login_form.d.username)
      raise web.seeother('/')
    #查看文章类
    class View:
     def GET(self, id):
      post = model.get_post(int(id))
      return render.view(post)
    #新建文章类
    class New:
     form = web.form.Form(
           web.form.Textbox('title',
           web.form.notnull,
           size=30,
           description='Post title: '),
           web.form.Textarea('content',
           web.form.notnull,
           rows=30,
           cols=80,
           description='Post content: '),
           web.form.Button('Post entry'),
           )
     def GET(self):
      form = self.form()
      return render.new(form)
     def POST(self):
      form = self.form()
      if not form.validates():
       return render.new(form)
      model.new_post(form.d.title, form.d.content)
      raise web.seeother('/')
    #删除文章类
    class Delete:
     def POST(self, id):
      model.del_post(int(id))
      raise web.seeother('/')
    #编辑文章类
    class Edit:
     def GET(self, id):
      post = model.get_post(int(id))
      form = New.form()
      form.fill(post)
      return render.edit(post, form)
     def POST(self, id):
      form = New.form()
      post = model.get_post(int(id))
      if not form.validates():
       return render.edit(post, form)
      model.update_post(int(id), form.d.title, form.d.content)
      raise web.seeother('/')
    #退出登录
    class Logout:
     def GET(self):
      web.setcookie('username', '', expires=-1)
      raise web.seeother('/')
    #定义404错误显示内容
    def notfound():
     return web.notfound("Sorry, the page you were looking for was not found.")

    app.notfound = notfound
    #运行
    if __name__ == '__main__':
     app.run()

4、在主目录创建model.py，blog/model.py

    import web
    import datetime
    #数据库连接
    db = web.database(dbn = 'MySQL', db = 'test', user = 'root', pw = '123456')
    #获取所有文章
    def get_posts():
     return db.select('entries', order = 'id DESC')

    #获取文章内容
    def get_post(id):
     try:
      return db.select('entries', where = 'id=$id', vars = locals())[0]
     except IndexError:
      return None
    #新建文章
    def new_post(title, text):
     db.insert('entries',
      title = title,
      content = text,
      posted_on = datetime.datetime.utcnow())
    #删除文章
    def del_post(id):
     db.delete('entries', where = 'id = $id', vars = locals())

    #修改文章
    def update_post(id, title, text):
     db.update('entries',
      where = 'id = $id',
      vars = locals(),
      title = title,
      content = text)

5、在模板目录依次创建：base.html、edit.html、index.html、new.html、view.html

    <!-- base.html -->
    $def with (page)
    <html>
     <head>
      <title>My Blog</title>
      <mce:style><!--
       #menu {
        width: 200px;
        float: right;
       }

    --></mce:style><style mce_bogus="1">   #menu {
        width: 200px;
        float: right;
       }
      </style>
     </head>

     <body>
      <ul id="menu">
       <li><a href="/" mce_href="">Home</a></li>
       $if cookie().get('username'):
        <li><a href="/new" mce_href="new">New Post</a></li>
      </ul>

      $:page
     </body>
    </html>

    <!-- edit.html -->
    $def with (post, form)
    <h1>Edit $form.d.title</h1>
    <form action="" method="post">
     $:form.render()
    </form>
    <h2>Delete post</h2>
    <form action="/delete/$post.id" method="post">
     <input type="submit" value="Delete post" />
    </form>

    <!-- index.html -->
    $def with (posts, login_form)
    <h1>Blog posts</h1>
    $if not cookie().get('username'):
     <form action="" method="post">
     $:login_form.render()
     </form>
    $else:
     Welcome $cookie().get('username')!<a href="/logout" mce_href="logout">Logout</a>
    <ul>
     $for post in posts:
      <li>
       <a href="/view/$post.id" mce_href="view/$post.id">$post.title</a>
       on $post.posted_on
       $if cookie().get('username'):
        <a href="/edit/$post.id" mce_href="edit/$post.id">Edit</a>
        <a href="/delete/$post.id" mce_href="delete/$post.id">Del</a>
      </li>
    </ul>

    <!-- new.html -->
    $def with (form)
    <h1>New Blog Post</h1>
    <form action="" method="post">
    $:form.render()
    </form>

    <!-- view.html -->
    $def with (post)
    <h1>$post.title</h1>
    $post.posted_on<br />
    $post.content

6、进入主目录在命令行下运行：python blog.py，将启动web服务，在浏览器输入：http://localhost:8080/，简易博客即已完成。