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Network Working Group B.Srewart
Request for Comments: 1658 Xyplex.Inc
Obsoletes:1316
July1994
Category: Standards Track
使用SMIv2的字符流设备管理对象定义
(RFC1658―― Definitions of Managed Objects for Character Stream Devices using SMIv2)
本备忘录状态
This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the
Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for
improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet
Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state
and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited.
目录
1. 介绍 2
2. SNMPv2网络管理框架 2
2.1. 对象定义 2
3. 概要 2
3.1. 与MIB接口的关系 3
4. 定义 3
5. 感谢 18
6. References 18
7. 安全考虑 19
8. 作者联系方式 19
1. 介绍
本备忘录详细说明了一个和互联网社区的网络管理协议一起使用的管理信息基础的扩
展。特别的，它定义了字符流设备的管理对象。
2. SNMPv2网络管理框架
SNMPv2 网络管理框架包含四个主要的部分。它们是：
o RFC 1442 [1] 它定义了SMI, 一个用来描述和命名管理目的对象的机制。
o STD 17, RFC 1213 [2] 定义了MIB-II, 互联网协议套件管理对象的核心集。
o RFC 1445 [3] 定义了框架的管理和其他体系方面。
o RFC 1448 [4] 定义了用于从网络访问管理对象的协议。
本框架允许定义用于实验和评估所使用的新对象。
2.1. 对象定义
在管理信息基础（MIB）期间，通过实际信息存储来访问被管理对象。用在SMI中定义的
Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1)来定义MIB中的对象。 特别的，由对象标志符
（OBJECT IDENTIFIER）命名每一个目标对象类型，这是一个管理可分配的名字。对象类型
和对象实例服务器唯一识别一个特定的对象实例。为方便的原因，在描述中引用到对象类型
时，我们通常用文本字符串来表示。
3. 概要
不管物理上存在的还是虚拟的，串行或并行的、同步或异步的，字符MIB应用于携带一
个字符流的端口。最常见的字符流设备例子是带有RS-232接口的硬件终端端口。另一个常
见的硬件例子是以Centronics命名的并行打印机端口。此也包括虚拟中断端口，如到一个
远程控制台的软件连接指针。
对所有系统字符来说，MIB是强制用来提供字符流端口。 这里包含，举例来说，终端服
务、
通用目的的时间共享（time-sharing）主机，甚至作为一个（虚）控制台端口的桥的系统。
依赖于系统的需要， 它可能包含不支持网络会话的字符端口。
字符MIB的最核心抽象是端口。物理端口与硬件端口是一一对应的。虚拟端口是软件实
体模拟成硬件端口，但是没有硬件与之相连。每一个端口支持一个或多个会话。一个会话表
示一个虚拟连接带有该端口与其他端口之间通信的特征。 典型的，会话在网络协议栈上进
行。典型的会话很多，如使用基于TCP的Telnet。
MIB包含一个基本对象和两个表，将在以下部分详述。表中包含端口和对话的对象。MIB
特意不区分我们经常叫常量和变量或可变数据集。由于MIB的这个目的，对这种区分是特定
执行的。
3.1. 与MIB接口的关系
字符MIB不直接与MIB [1]接口相关，因为它不是一个固有的网络接口。另一个方面，
在它所出现的大多数场合中，它总是在物理子层接口之上，如类RS-232[2]或类并行打印机
[3]的MIB。典型的，这样的物理接口由在接口表中的一行来表示，由ifIndex的值来识别。
4. 定义
CHARACTER-MIB DEFINITIONS ::= BEGIN
IMPORTS
MODULE-IDENTITY, OBJECT-TYPE, NOTIFICATION-TYPE,
Counter32, Integer32, Gauge32, TimeTicks
FROM SNMPv2-SMI
AutonomousType, InstancePointer
FROM SNMPv2-TC
InterfaceIndex
FROM IF-MIB
transmission, mib-2
FROM RFC1213-MIB
MODULE-COMPLIANCE, OBJECT-GROUP
FROM SNMPv2-CONF;
char MODULE-IDENTITY
LAST-UPDATED "9405261700Z"
ORGANIZATION "IETF Character MIB Working Group"
CONTACT-INFO
" Bob Stewart
Postal: Xyplex, Inc.
295 Foster Street
Littleton, MA 01460
Tel: 508-952-4816
Fax: 508-952-4887
E-mail: rlstewart@eng.xyplex.com"
DESCRIPTION
"The MIB module for character stream devices."
::= { mib-2 19 }
PortIndex ::= TEXTUAL-CONVENTION
DISPLAY-HINT "d"
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A unique value, greater than zero, for each
character port in the managed system. It is
recommended that values are assigned contiguously
starting from 1. The value for each interface sub-
layer must remain constant at least from one re-
initialization of the entity's network management
system to the next re-initialization.
In a system where the character ports are attached
to hardware represented by an ifIndex, it is
conventional, but not required, to make the
character port index equal to the corresponding
ifIndex."
SYNTAX Integer32
-- Generic Character information
charNumber OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Integer32
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The number of entries in charPortTable, regardless
of their current state."
::= { char 1 }
-- the Character Port table
charPortTable OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF CharPortEntry
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A list of port entries. The number of entries is
given by the value of charNumber."
::= { char 2 }
charPortEntry OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX CharPortEntry
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Status and parameter values for a character port."
INDEX { charPortIndex }
::= { charPortTable 1 }
CharPortEntry ::=
SEQUENCE {
charPortIndex
PortIndex,
charPortName
DisplayString,
charPortType
INTEGER,
charPortHardware
AutonomousType,
charPortReset
INTEGER,
charPortAdminStatus
INTEGER,
charPortOperStatus
INTEGER,
charPortLastChange
TimeTicks,
charPortInFlowType
INTEGER,
charPortOutFlowType
INTEGER,
charPortInFlowState
INTEGER,
charPortOutFlowState
INTEGER,
charPortInCharacters
Counter32,
charPortOutCharacters
Counter32,
charPortAdminOrigin
INTEGER,
charPortSessionMaximum
INTEGER,
charPortSessionNumber
Gauge32,
charPortSessionIndex
INTEGER,
charPortInFlowTypes
OCTET STRING,
charPortOutFlowTypes
OCTET STRING,
charPortLowerIfIndex
InterfaceIndex
}
charPortIndex OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX PortIndex
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A unique value for each character port, perhaps
corresponding to the same value of ifIndex when the
character port is associated with a hardware port
represented by an ifIndex."
::= { charPortEntry 1 }
charPortName OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX DisplayString (SIZE (0..32))
MAX-ACCESS read-write
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"An administratively assigned name for the port,
typically with some local significance."
::= { charPortEntry 2 }
charPortType OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX INTEGER { physical(1), virtual(2) }
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The port's type, 'physical' if the port represents
an external hardware connector, 'virtual' if it does
not."
::= { charPortEntry 3 }
charPortHardware OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX AutonomousType
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A reference to hardware MIB definitions specific to
a physical port's external connector. For example,
if the connector is RS-232, then the value of this
object refers to a MIB sub-tree defining objects
specific to RS-232. If an agent is not configured
to have such values, the agent returns the object
identifier:
nullHardware OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { 0 0 }
"
::= { charPortEntry 4 }
charPortReset OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX INTEGER { ready(1), execute(2) }
MAX-ACCESS read-write
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A control to force the port into a clean, initial
state, both hardware and software, disconnecting all
the port's existing sessions. In response to a
get-request or get-next-request, the agent always
returns 'ready' as the value. Setting the value to
'execute' causes a reset."
::= { charPortEntry 5 }
charPortAdminStatus OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX INTEGER { enabled(1), disabled(2), off(3),
maintenance(4) }
MAX-ACCESS read-write
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The port's desired state, independent of flow
control. 'enabled' indicates that the port is
allowed to pass characters and form new sessions.
'disabled' indicates that the port is allowed to
pass characters but not form new sessions. 'off'
indicates that the port is not allowed to pass
characters or have any sessions. 'maintenance'
indicates a maintenance mode, exclusive of normal
operation, such as running a test.
'enabled' corresponds to ifAdminStatus 'up'.
'disabled' and 'off' correspond to ifAdminStatus
'down'. 'maintenance' corresponds to ifAdminStatus
'test'."
::= { charPortEntry 6 }
charPortOperStatus OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX INTEGER { up(1), down(2),
maintenance(3), absent(4), active(5) }
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The port's actual, operational state, independent
of flow control. 'up' indicates able to function
normally. 'down' indicates inability to function
for administrative or operational reasons.
'maintenance' indicates a maintenance mode,
exclusive of normal operation, such as running a
test. 'absent' indicates that port hardware is not
present. 'active' indicates up with a user present
(e.g. logged in).
'up' and 'active' correspond to ifOperStatus 'up'.
'down' and 'absent' correspond to ifOperStatus
'down'. 'maintenance' corresponds to ifOperStatus
'test'."
::= { charPortEntry 7 }
charPortLastChange OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX TimeTicks
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The value of sysUpTime at the time the port entered
its current operational state. If the current state
was entered prior to the last reinitialization of
the local network management subsystem, then this
object contains a zero value."
::= { charPortEntry 8 }
-- charPortInFlowType is deprecated in favor of
-- charPortInFlowTypes
charPortInFlowType OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX INTEGER { none(1), xonXoff(2), hardware(3),
ctsRts(4), dsrDtr(5) }
MAX-ACCESS read-write
STATUS deprecated
DESCRIPTION
"The port's type of input flow control. 'none'
indicates no flow control at this level or below.
'xonXoff' indicates software flow control by
recognizing XON and XOFF characters. 'hardware'
indicates flow control delegated to the lower level,
for example a parallel port.
'ctsRts' and 'dsrDtr' are specific to RS-232-like
ports. Although not architecturally pure, they are
included here for simplicity's sake."
::= { charPortEntry 9 }
-- charPortOutFlowType is deprecated in favor of
-- charPortOutFlowTypes
charPortOutFlowType OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX INTEGER { none(1), xonXoff(2), hardware(3),
ctsRts(4), dsrDtr(5) }
MAX-ACCESS read-write
STATUS deprecated
DESCRIPTION
"The port's type of output flow control. 'none'
indicates no flow control at this level or below.
'xonXoff' indicates software flow control by
recognizing XON and XOFF characters. 'hardware'
indicates flow control delegated to the lower level,
for example a parallel port.
'ctsRts' and 'dsrDtr' are specific to RS-232-like
ports. Although not architecturally pure, they are
included here for simplicy's sake."
::= { charPortEntry 10 }
charPortInFlowState OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX INTEGER { none(1), unknown(2), stop(3), go(4) }
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The current operational state of input flow control
on the port. 'none' indicates not applicable.
'unknown' indicates this level does not know.
'stop' indicates flow not allowed. 'go' indicates
flow allowed."
::= { charPortEntry 11 }
charPortOutFlowState OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX INTEGER { none(1), unknown(2), stop(3), go(4) }
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The current operational state of output flow
control on the port. 'none' indicates not
applicable. 'unknown' indicates this level does not
know. 'stop' indicates flow not allowed. 'go'
indicates flow allowed."
::= { charPortEntry 12 }
charPortInCharacters OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Counter32
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Total number of characters detected as input from
the port since system re-initialization and while
the port operational state was 'up', 'active', or
'maintenance', including, for example, framing, flow
control (i.e. XON and XOFF), each occurrence of a
BREAK condition, locally-processed input, and input
sent to all sessions."
::= { charPortEntry 13 }
charPortOutCharacters OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Counter32
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Total number of characters detected as output to
the port since system re-initialization and while
the port operational state was 'up', 'active', or
'maintenance', including, for example, framing, flow
control (i.e. XON and XOFF), each occurrence of a
BREAK condition, locally-created output, and output
received from all sessions."
::= { charPortEntry 14 }
charPortAdminOrigin OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX INTEGER { dynamic(1), network(2), local(3),
none(4) }
MAX-ACCESS read-write
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The administratively allowed origin for
establishing session on the port. 'dynamic' allows
'network' or 'local' session establishment. 'none'
disallows session establishment."
::= { charPortEntry 15 }
charPortSessionMaximum OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX INTEGER (-1..2147483647)
MAX-ACCESS read-write
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The maximum number of concurrent sessions allowed
on the port. A value of -1 indicates no maximum.
Setting the maximum to less than the current number
of sessions has unspecified results."
::= { charPortEntry 16 }
charPortSessionNumber OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Gauge32
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The number of open sessions on the port that are in
the connecting, connected, or disconnecting state."
::= { charPortEntry 17 }
charPortSessionIndex OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX INTEGER (0..2147483647)
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The value of charSessIndex for the port's first or
only active session. If the port has no active
session, the agent returns the value zero."
::= { charPortEntry 18 }
charPortInFlowTypes OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX OCTET STRING (SIZE (1))
MAX-ACCESS read-write
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The port's types of input flow control at the
software level. Hardware-level flow control is
independently controlled by the appropriate
hardware-level MIB.
A value of zero indicates no flow control.
Depending on the specific implementation, any or
all combinations of flow control may be chosen by
adding the values:
128 xonXoff, recognizing XON and XOFF characters
64 enqHost, ENQ/ACK to allow input to host
32 enqTerm, ACK to allow output to port
"
::= { charPortEntry 19 }
charPortOutFlowTypes OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX OCTET STRING (SIZE (1))
MAX-ACCESS read-write
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The port's types of output flow control at the
software level. Hardware-level flow control is
independently controlled by the appropriate
hardware-level MIB.
A value of zero indicates no flow control.
Depending on the specific implementation, any or
all combinations of flow control may be chosen by
adding the values:
128 xonXoff, recognizing XON and XOFF characters
64 enqHost, ENQ/ACK to allow input to host
32 enqTerm, ACK to allow output to port
"
::= { charPortEntry 20 }
charPortLowerIfIndex OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX InterfaceIndex
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The ifIndex value of the lower level hardware supporting
this character port, zero if none."
::= { charPortEntry 21 }
-- the Character Session table
charSessTable OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF CharSessEntry
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A list of port session entries."
::= { char 3 }
charSessEntry OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX CharSessEntry
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Status and parameter values for a character port
session."
INDEX { charSessPortIndex, charSessIndex }
::= { charSessTable 1 }
CharSessEntry ::=
SEQUENCE {
charSessPortIndex
PortIndex,
charSessIndex
INTEGER,
charSessKill
INTEGER,
charSessState
INTEGER,
charSessProtocol
AutonomousType,
charSessOperOrigin
INTEGER,
charSessInCharacters
Counter32,
charSessOutCharacters
Counter32,
charSessConnectionId
InstancePointer,
charSessStartTime
TimeTicks
}
charSessPortIndex OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX PortIndex
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The value of charPortIndex for the port to which
this session belongs."
::= { charSessEntry 1 }
charSessIndex OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX INTEGER (1..2147483647)
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The session index in the context of the port, a
non-zero positive integer. Session indexes within a
port need not be sequential. Session indexes may be
reused for different ports. For example, port 1 and
port 3 may both have a session 2 at the same time.
Session indexes may have any valid integer value,
with any meaning convenient to the agent
implementation."
::= { charSessEntry 2 }
charSessKill OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX INTEGER { ready(1), execute(2) }
MAX-ACCESS read-write
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A control to terminate the session. In response to
a get-request or get-next-request, the agent always
returns 'ready' as the value. Setting the value to
'execute' causes termination."
::= { charSessEntry 3 }
charSessState OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX INTEGER { connecting(1), connected(2),
disconnecting(3) }
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The current operational state of the session,
disregarding flow control. 'connected' indicates
that character data could flow on the network side
of session. 'connecting' indicates moving from
nonexistent toward 'connected'. 'disconnecting'
indicates moving from 'connected' or 'connecting' to
nonexistent."
::= { charSessEntry 4 }
charSessProtocol OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX AutonomousType
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The network protocol over which the session is
running. Other OBJECT IDENTIFIER values may be
defined elsewhere, in association with specific
protocols. However, this document assigns those of
known interest as of this writing."
::= { charSessEntry 5 }
wellKnownProtocols OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { char 4 }
protocolOther OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { wellKnownProtocols 1 }
protocolTelnet OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { wellKnownProtocols 2 }
protocolRlogin OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { wellKnownProtocols 3 }
protocolLat OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { wellKnownProtocols 4 }
protocolX29 OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { wellKnownProtocols 5 }
protocolVtp OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { wellKnownProtocols 6 }
charSessOperOrigin OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX INTEGER { unknown(1), network(2), local(3) }
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The session's source of establishment."
::= { charSessEntry 6 }
charSessInCharacters OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Counter32
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This session's subset of charPortInCharacters."
::= { charSessEntry 7 }
charSessOutCharacters OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Counter32
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This session's subset of charPortOutCharacters."
::= { charSessEntry 8 }
charSessConnectionId OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX InstancePointer
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A reference to additional local MIB information.
This should be the highest available related MIB,
corresponding to charSessProtocol, such as Telnet.
For example, the value for a TCP connection (in the
absence of a Telnet MIB) is the object identifier of
tcpConnState. If an agent is not configured to have
such values, the agent returns the object
identifier:
nullConnectionId OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { 0 0 }
"
::= { charSessEntry 9 }
charSessStartTime OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX TimeTicks
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The value of sysUpTime in MIB-2 when the session
entered connecting state."
::= { charSessEntry 10 }
-- conformance information
charConformance OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { char 5 }
charGroups OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { charConformance 1 }
charCompliances OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { charConformance 2 }
-- compliance statements
charCompliance MODULE-COMPLIANCE
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The compliance statement for SNMPv2 entities
which have Character hardware interfaces."
MODULE -- this module
MANDATORY-GROUPS { charGroup }
::= { charCompliances 1 }
-- units of conformance
charGroup OBJECT-GROUP
OBJECTS { charNumber, charPortIndex, charPortName,
charPortType, charPortHardware, charPortReset,
charPortAdminStatus, charPortOperStatus,
charPortLastChange,
charPortInFlowState, charPortOutFlowState,
charPortAdminOrigin, charPortSessionMaximum,
charPortInFlowTypes, charPortOutFlowTypes,
charPortInCharacters, charPortOutCharacters,
charPortSessionNumber, charPortSessionIndex,
charPortLowerIfIndex,
charSessPortIndex, charSessIndex,
charSessKill, charSessState,
charSessProtocol, charSessOperOrigin,
charSessInCharacters, charSessOutCharacters,
charSessConnectionId, charSessStartTime }
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A collection of objects providing information
applicable to all Character interfaces."
::= { charGroups 1 }
END
5. 感谢
被备忘录由 IETF Character MIB Working Group创建。
6. References
[1] Case, J., McCloghrie, K., Rose, M., and S. Waldbusser, "Structure
of Management Information for version 2 of the Simple Network
Management Protocol (SNMPv2)", RFC 1442, SNMP Research,Inc.,
Hughes LAN Systems, Dover Beach Consulting, Inc., Carnegie Mellon
University, April 1993.
[2] McCloghrie, K., and M. Rose, Editors, "Management Information
Base for Network Management of TCP/IP-based internets: MIB-II",
STD 17, RFC 1213, Hughes LAN Systems, Performance Systems
International, March 1991.
[3] Galvin, J., and K. McCloghrie, "Administrative Model for version
2 of the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMPv2)", RFC 1445,
Trusted Information Systems, Hughes LAN Systems, April 1993.
[4] Case, J., McCloghrie, K., Rose, M., and S. Waldbusser, "Protocol
Operations for version 2 of the Simple Network Management
Protocol (SNMPv2)", RFC 1448, SNMP Research,Inc., Hughes LAN
Systems, Dover Beach Consulting, Inc., Carnegie Mellon
University, April 1993.
[5] McCloghrie, K., and F. Kastenholz, "Evolution of the Interfaces
Group of MIB-II", RFC 1573, Hughes LAN Systems, FTP Software,
January 1994.
[6] Stewart, B., "Definitions of Managed Objects for RS-232-like
Hardware Devices using SMIv2", RFC 1659, Xyplex, Inc., July 1994.
[7] Stewart, B., "Definitions of Managed Objects for Parallel-
printer-like Hardware Devices using SMIv2", RFC 1660, Xyplex,
Inc., July 1994.
7. 安全考虑
在本备忘录中没有讨论安全问题。
8. 作者联系方式
Bob Stewart
Xyplex, Inc.
295 Foster Street
Littleton, MA 01460
Phone: 508-952-4816
Fax: 508-952-4887
EMail: rlstewart@eng.xyplex.com
RFC1658―― Definitions of Managed Objects for Character Stream Devices using SMIv2
使用SMIv2的字符流设备管理对象定义
19
RFC文档中文翻译计划
京东创始人刘强东和其妻子章泽天最近成为了互联网舆论关注的焦点。有关他们“移民美国”和在美国购买豪宅的传言在互联网上广泛传播。然而，京东官方通过微博发言人发布的消息澄清了这些传言，称这些言论纯属虚假信息和蓄意捏造。
日前，据博主“@超能数码君老周”爆料，国内三大运营商中国移动、中国电信和中国联通预计将集体采购百万台规模的华为Mate60系列手机。
据报道，荷兰半导体设备公司ASML正看到美国对华遏制政策的负面影响。阿斯麦（ASML）CEO彼得·温宁克在一档电视节目中分享了他对中国大陆问题以及该公司面临的出口管制和保护主义的看法。彼得曾在多个场合表达了他对出口管制以及中荷经济关系的担忧。
今年早些时候，抖音悄然上线了一款名为“青桃”的 App，Slogan 为“看见你的热爱”，根据应用介绍可知，“青桃”是一个属于年轻人的兴趣知识视频平台，由抖音官方出品的中长视频关联版本，整体风格有些类似B站。
日前，威马汽车首席数据官梅松林转发了一份“世界各国地区拥车率排行榜”，同时，他发文表示：中国汽车普及率低于非洲国家尼日利亚，每百户家庭仅17户有车。意大利世界排名第一，每十户中九户有车。
近日，一项新的研究发现，维生素 C 和 E 等抗氧化剂会激活一种机制，刺激癌症肿瘤中新血管的生长，帮助它们生长和扩散。
据媒体援引消息人士报道，苹果公司正在测试使用3D打印技术来生产其智能手表的钢质底盘。消息传出后，3D系统一度大涨超10%，不过截至周三收盘，该股涨幅回落至2%以内。
9月2日，坐拥千万粉丝的网红主播“秀才”账号被封禁，在社交媒体平台上引发热议。平台相关负责人表示，“秀才”账号违反平台相关规定，已封禁。据知情人士透露，秀才近期被举报存在违法行为，这可能是他被封禁的部分原因。据悉，“秀才”年龄39岁，是安徽省亳州市蒙城县人，抖音网红，粉丝数量超1200万。他曾被称为“中老年...
9月3日消息，亚马逊的一些股东，包括持有该公司股票的一家养老基金，日前对亚马逊、其创始人贝索斯和其董事会提起诉讼，指控他们在为 Project Kuiper 卫星星座项目购买发射服务时“违反了信义义务”。
据消息，为推广自家应用，苹果现推出了一个名为“Apps by Apple”的网站，展示了苹果为旗下产品（如 iPhone、iPad、Apple Watch、Mac 和 Apple TV）开发的各种应用程序。
特斯拉本周在美国大幅下调Model S和X售价，引发了该公司一些最坚定支持者的不满。知名特斯拉多头、未来基金（Future Fund）管理合伙人加里·布莱克发帖称，降价是一种“短期麻醉剂”，会让潜在客户等待进一步降价。
据外媒9月2日报道，荷兰半导体设备制造商阿斯麦称，尽管荷兰政府颁布的半导体设备出口管制新规9月正式生效，但该公司已获得在2023年底以前向中国运送受限制芯片制造机器的许可。
近日，根据美国证券交易委员会的文件显示，苹果卫星服务提供商 Globalstar 近期向马斯克旗下的 SpaceX 支付 6400 万美元（约 4.65 亿元人民币）。用于在 2023-2025 年期间，发射卫星，进一步扩展苹果 iPhone 系列的 SOS 卫星服务。
据报道，马斯克旗下社交平台𝕏（推特）日前调整了隐私政策，允许 𝕏 使用用户发布的信息来训练其人工智能（AI）模型。新的隐私政策将于 9 月 29 日生效。新政策规定，𝕏可能会使用所收集到的平台信息和公开可用的信息，来帮助训练 𝕏 的机器学习或人工智能模型。
9月2日，荣耀CEO赵明在采访中谈及华为手机回归时表示，替老同事们高兴，觉得手机行业，由于华为的回归，让竞争充满了更多的可能性和更多的魅力，对行业来说也是件好事。
《自然》30日发表的一篇论文报道了一个名为Swift的人工智能（AI）系统，该系统驾驶无人机的能力可在真实世界中一对一冠军赛里战胜人类对手。
近日，非营利组织纽约真菌学会（NYMS）发出警告，表示亚马逊为代表的电商平台上，充斥着各种AI生成的蘑菇觅食科普书籍，其中存在诸多错误。
社交媒体平台𝕏（原推特）新隐私政策提到：“在您同意的情况下，我们可能出于安全、安保和身份识别目的收集和使用您的生物识别信息。”
2023年德国柏林消费电子展上，各大企业都带来了最新的理念和产品，而高端化、本土化的中国产品正在不断吸引欧洲等国际市场的目光。
罗永浩日前在直播中吐槽苹果即将推出的 iPhone 新品，具体内容为：“以我对我‘子公司’的了解，我认为 iPhone 15 跟 iPhone 14 不会有什么区别的，除了序（列）号变了，这个‘不要脸’的东西，这个‘臭厨子’。
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